生物降解顆粒應用塑料是指自然界中存在的微生物，如土壤或沙質(zhì)土壤，在堆肥條件或厭氧消化條件等特定條件下降解，后期完全轉(zhuǎn)化為二氧化碳、甲烷、水等物質(zhì)。元素礦化無機鹽以及新型生物質(zhì)塑料。下面來講講生物降解顆粒應用塑料的主要用途的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。

Biodegradable particle applied plastics refer to microorganisms existing in nature, such as soil or sandy soil, which degrade under specific conditions such as composting conditions or anaerobic digestion conditions, and are completely transformed into carbon dioxide, methane, water and other substances in the later stage. Element mineralized inorganic salts and new biomass plastics. Now let's talk about the main uses of biodegradable particles in plastics.

包裝和其他一次性用品

Packaging and other disposable items

塑料的主要用途之一是作為包裝，包裝在廢棄物中占很大比例。減少包裝產(chǎn)生的塑料廢物對全球塑料污染具有重要的積極作用。可生物降解塑料（纖維素基材料）的塑料包裝可以替代食品包裝等傳統(tǒng)塑料。此外，可生物降解塑料還可用于許多一次性塑料制品，如吸管、牙簽、棉簽和零售袋等。

One of the main uses of plastics is as packaging, which accounts for a large proportion of waste. Reducing plastic waste from packaging plays an important and positive role in global plastic pollution. Plastic packaging of biodegradable plastics (cellulose based materials) can replace traditional plastics such as food packaging. In addition, biodegradable plastics can also be used in many disposable plastic products, such as straws, toothpicks, cotton swabs and retail bags.

農(nóng)用地膜

agricultural film 

農(nóng)用地膜是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分。它由不可生物降解的聚乙烯制成。風化破碎后留在田間的薄膜殘留物會導致土壤塑料污染?？缮锝到獾啬ぴO(shè)計用于農(nóng)產(chǎn)品收獲或使用后種植到地里，在自然條件下可被微生物降解的地膜無需拆除和處置。

Agricultural plastic film is an important part of agricultural production system. It is made of non biodegradable polyethylene. The film residues left in the field after weathering and crushing will lead to soil plastic pollution. Biodegradable plastic film is designed for agricultural products to be harvested or planted in the field after use. The plastic film that can be degraded by microorganisms under natural conditions does not need to be removed and disposed of.

與傳統(tǒng)的聚乙烯地膜相比，可生物降解地膜具有相當?shù)霓r(nóng)藝性能，但其較高的成本以及農(nóng)民對其性能的不確定性以及對土壤降解問題的認識導致了可生物降解地膜的廣泛使用。使用受到阻礙。隨著可生物降解塑料的發(fā)展和農(nóng)民意識的提高，可生物降解地膜可以為農(nóng)用聚乙烯地膜提供一種可行的替代品。

Compared with traditional polyethylene mulching film, biodegradable mulching film has considerable agronomic performance, but its high cost, farmers' uncertainty about its performance and their understanding of soil degradation lead to the wide use of biodegradable mulching film. Use is hampered. With the development of biodegradable plastics and the improvement of farmers' awareness, biodegradable plastic film can provide a feasible substitute for agricultural polyethylene film.

一般來說，生物降解顆粒應用塑料的降解過程可分為生物降解、解聚、生物同化和礦化四個步驟。生物降解過程是導致表面降解的微生物生物膜的形成，其中聚合物材料分解成更小的顆粒。解聚是微生物分泌胞外酶，催化聚合物鏈解聚成寡聚體、二聚體或單體。生物同化是將小分子吸收到微生物細胞中并隨后產(chǎn)生初級和次級代謝物。在

Generally speaking, the degradation process of biodegradable particles applied to plastics can be divided into four steps: biodegradation, depolymerization, biological assimilation and mineralization. The biodegradation process is the formation of microbial biofilm leading to surface degradation, in which the polymer material is decomposed into smaller particles. Depolymerization is an extracellular enzyme secreted by microorganisms that catalyzes the depolymerization of polymer chains into oligomers, dimers or monomers. Biological assimilation is the absorption of small molecules into microbial cells and the subsequent production of primary and secondary metabolites. stay

后期這些代謝物被礦化，后期產(chǎn)物CO2、CH4、H2O和N2形成并釋放到環(huán)境中。此外，生物降解塑料聚合物的降解受非生物和生物因素的影響，其中非生物因素主要是指機械應力、光照或溫度等參數(shù)，生物因素是指天然存在的微生物（如細菌、真菌和藻類）。

In the later stage, these metabolites are mineralized, and the later products CO2, CH4, H2O and N2 are formed and released into the environment. In addition, the degradation of biodegradable plastic polymers is affected by abiotic and biological factors, in which abiotic factors mainly refer to parameters such as mechanical stress, light or temperature, and biological factors refer to naturally occurring microorganisms (such as bacteria, fungi and algae).

問題就講解到這里了，實際上生物降解顆粒的使用在某些方面還是存在一定的挑戰(zhàn)性的，因此就需要使用者嚴格按照相關(guān)要求進行使用，當然在保證的基礎(chǔ)上可以創(chuàng)新實驗。更多關(guān)于該材料的內(nèi)容就來關(guān)注我們網(wǎng)站www.qylxschool.cn吧！

That's all. In fact, the use of biodegradable particles is still challenging in some aspects. Therefore, users need to use them in strict accordance with relevant requirements. Of course, innovative experiments can be carried out on the basis of ensuring safety. For more information about this material, please visit our website at www.qylxschool.cn Com!